Category: անգլերեն

Considering their wedding cost over $20,000 and took a year and a half to organize, you would be surprised to hear that Richard and Victoria Hammond now intend to forget it. Well, almost.

«It was a wonderful wedding, an unbelievable day,» says Victoria. «But we have so much we want to do together now, we are both looking to the future.» Her husband, banker and amateur race driver Richard, agrees. «Both our minds are now fixed firmly on the future. I’ll never forget our wedding ceremony or the reception we had at a cliff-side hotel afterwards, but there’s so much we want, so many hopes. Our marriage is so much more important than the wedding.»

«At the moment, we are still living with my parents,» explains Victoria, «so our first wish is to find our own place. We intend to start looking for a new house with all the modern conveniences in the suburbs in the new year.» Both Victoria and husband Richard have a lot of siblings. Do they intend to add to the extended Hammond family? «We plan on having two or three children ourselves,» Richard tells me. «Victoria is just wonderful with children and I can get 3 years paternity leave from my work, which is just perfect.»

The young couple has just returned from a two-week honeymoon spent in an authentic Scottish castle. Both the newly-weds are big travel lovers and Richard hopes this will continue. «I would like to go travelling as much as possible together. Travelling with someone else is such a sharing experience. I think it’s sad to experience all the wonderful places in the world and have no-one else there.» Victoria also has another great travel ambition that she might have to do alone. «I have always been fascinated by safari and my real wish is to go on safari. Richard has no interest in wildlife though.»

And what about the marriage itself? In a world with such a high divorce rate, how do Richard and Victoria hope to avoid all the problems that beset so many other couples? Richard explains thoughtfully that «our ambition is to always talk to each other. If you stop communicating, what chance do you have?» His wife goes along with that completely. «I hope that we can speak about things, but also not expect everything to be easy. I think many people expect the wedding to be the end of getting to know each other. I think it’s the start.»

In 2009 in Kazakhstan, a group of fishermen met on a Sunday afternoon. They were on the beach of the North Aral Sea. They ate food. They did some sports. Afterwards, they told stories and sang songs about the Aral Sea and fishing. It was a good party.

The fishermen were happy because there were fish in the water. For many years, there weren’t many fish. At one time, the Aral Sea in Central Asia was the fourth largest lake in the world. It had an area of 67,300 square kilometres. Two of the biggest rivers in Central Asia, the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya, went into the Aral Sea. But the water almost disappeared.

The Aral Sea was a busy place. Almost 20 percent of the Soviet Union’s fish came from here. 40,000 people lived and worked near the lake. Then people used the water in the two rivers for agriculture, so the water didn’t arrive at the Aral Sea. Also, it didn’t rain for many years.

Then, in 2005, the Kazakh government and the World Bank built a dam. The dam separated the north and south parts of the sea. Then the north part of the Aral Sea started to fill with water again.

Philip Micklin is a scientist. He studies the Aral Sea. In 2010 he said ‘Nature can come back.’ But in 2014, he saw satellite pictures of the east part of the Aral Sea. It was completely dry. 

In June 2015 a scientist from Uzbekistan, Yusup Kamalov, and a National Geographic reporter visited the Aral Sea. They found a huge desert. They stood on the sand. Once it was the edge of the water. Now the water is 80 kilometres away. They drove to the water. On the way, they passed oil and natural gas rigs. Kamalov said that every year there are more oil rigs. They arrived at the edge of the Aral Sea. The water was very salty. There were no fish. Kamalov said, ‘This is what the end of the world looks like’.

Task 1

To write a correct email, you need to follow the following structure/ Ճիշտ էլ․փոստ գրելու համար դու պետք է հետևես հետևյալ կառուցվածքին/։

Hi Leo, ( greeting + name)

How’s it going in. Switzerland? Is there much snow in the mountains? ( opening phrase)

I’ve got some shocking news. Pete and Grace have got together. I didn’t know about it until I saw them in town. I was walking down the High Street when I saw them in the Grand Cafe. They were holding hands across the table! When I asked Alicia later, she said they’ve liked each other for ages! I couldn’t believe it. Did you know? I’m thinking of asking Alicia out. I’m sure she likes me. What do you think? ( main message)

Anyway, see you next week. ( closing phrase)

All the best, Ned ( signing off + your name)

PS I’m attaching a photo I took with my mobile of them (holding hands!). ( extra information, often attachments)

Task 1.

Hello Leo. How are you. I hope everything goes well. I’m really looking forward to seeing you. I haven’t seen you in a long time. I am waiting for your letter. I want to meet and have a good time with each other. I missed the moments when we had a good time with each other. Best regards Xachik. My email address is xachikghazaryan@mskh.am

Task 2

Task 1. ESL Listening exercises/pre-intermediate/ – listen and answer the questions 

1.How does Joshua go to school in Japan?

He walks with a group of students.
He takes a school bus every morning.
He rides the subway at 8:00 AM.

2.Which item did Joshua NOT take to school?

a school hata
a backpack
gym clothes

3.What does Josh do first when he gets to school?

He stands and bows to the teacher.
He practices his reading and writing.
He puts on his gym clothes for class.

4.Where does Joshua eat lunch at school?

in his classroomin
the gymnasiumin
the lunchroom

5.Joshua probably gets home from school between _____.

1:00 and 2:00 p.m.
2:00 and 3:00 p.m
.3:00 and 4:00 p.m.

Task 2. ESL Listening exercises/Intermediate/ -listen and answer the questions

1.The man wants to ______.

join a soccer club
try out for the company basketball team
run a mountain marathon

2.The woman is worried that ______.

her husband’s health isn’t good
the man works too much
her husband is becoming a fitness freak

3.First, the woman suggests that her husband _____.

visit with a fitness traine
rstart with light workouts
see a doctor

4.Her husband should ____.

eat less fatty foods
consume less salt
eat more protein

5.Why does the man’s wife recommend cycling?

It helps develop mental toughness.
It helps strengthen the heart.
It is good for improving muscle tone.

Task 3. Prepositions of time: on, in, at – for information and explanation go through this link 

1)I want to lose 5 kilogram in one month.
2)Could you get me this pants in a larger size?
3)She seems to be interested on Psychology.
4)I will come to pick you up at 2 pm tomorrow.
5)This class will be held in Mondays.

    Complete the sentences using  in, on, at

1. I started my job in 2007.
2. I usually get to work at about 8.15
3. I’m never late for work. I’m always at time.
4. I work best in the morning.
5. Occasionally, I have to work on Saturdays.
6. in the summer, I sometimes cycle to work
7. I get paid on 28^th of each month
8. We have a pay review in April
9. We have a big office party on Christmas
10. I am very interested in Art.

Task 4. Find the word that is closest in meaning to the word

1.comprehend

a) describe  b)understand c) make use of  d)prepare

2. internal

a)forever  b) inside  c) outside  d)brief

3.occur

a)render  b)fall  c)take place d)reach

4. native

a)alien  b)born in a particular  c)foreign  d)buried in a particular place

5. believe

a)notice  b)mean  c) suppose  d) reach

6. wish

a)ability b)desire  c)want  d) likeness

7. high

a) lofty  b)significant  c)scale d)low

8. complete

a)found  b) make c)compare  d) finish

9.provide

a) fall  b) supply c) develop d) improve

10.demand

a)discover  b) believe  c)require  d) render

An adverb ( which has –ly ending) is a word that describes verbs whereas an adjective is a word that describes nouns or pronouns.  (Մակբայը լրացնում, նկարագրում է բային, իսկ ածականը՝գոյականին կամ դերանունին)

Eg. He drove off angrily    /      He is an angry boy.

But there are some words ending in –ly are adjectives. Common examples: deadly, friendly, likely, lovely, silly, ugly, unlikely.

• Put in the correct word.

1. Two people were serious injured in the accident.
2. The driver of the car had seriously injuries.
3. I think you behaved very selfishly.
4. Tanya is terribly upset about Losing her job.
5. There was a sudden change in the weather.
6. Everybody at the carnival was dressed colorfully.
7. Linda usually wears colourful clothes.
8. Liz fell and hurt herself really badly.
9. Joe says he didn’t do well at school because he was badly taught.
10. The children were playing in the garden happily.

• Examination Card 1.

Task 1. Read the text, translate the last passage into English:

Jack was a young sailor. He lived in England, but he was often away with his ship.

One summer he came back from a long voyage and found new neighbours near his mother’s house. They had a pretty daughter, and Jack soon loved her very much.

Մի ամառ նա վերադարձավ երկար նավարկությունից հետո և գտավ նոր հարևանների իր մայրիկի տան կողքին: Նրանք ունեին շատ գեղեցիկ աղջիկ և շուտով Ջեքը սիրեց նրան շատ:

He said to her, ‘My next voyage will begin in a few days’ time, Gloria. I love you, and I’ll marry you when I come back. I’ll think about you all the time, and I’ll write to you and send you a present from every port.’

Նա ասաց նրան.
— Իմ հաջորդ նավարկությունը սկսվելու է հինգ օրից, Գլորիա: Ես սիրում եմ քեզ և կամուսնանամ քեզ հետ, երբ վերադառնամ. Ես մտածելու եմ քո մասին ամբողջ ժամանակ և ես կգրեմ քեզ և կուղարկեմ քեզ նվեր ամեն նավահանգստից:

Առաջին նավահանգիստը, որտեղ Ջաքը կանգ առավ, Ֆրիթաունն էր: Նա այնտեղից Գլորիային թութակ ուղարկեց: Այդ թութակը խոսում էր հինգ լեզվով:

The first port, where Jack  stopped, was the Freetown. He send Gloria a parrot from there. That parrot spoke five language.

Երբ Ջաքի նավը հասավ Ավստրալիա, նա նամակ ստացավ Գլորիայից: Նամակում գրված էր. «Շնորհակալություն թութակի համար, Ջա՛ք: Այն ավելի համեղ էր քան ճուտը»:When Jack’s ship  arrived in Australia , he got a letter from Gloria. There was written. “ Thank you for the parrot, Jack. It was tastier than chicken.

Task 2. Use the verbs in the brackets in the correct tense form:

1. I have never come across such a big snake in my life. What about you?
2. We had been looking for her ring for two hours when we found it in the bathroom.
3. Hi, I am Matt Rotell, a friend of Alice’s.
4. While climbing onto the mountain top, I met a strange animal which I’d never seen before.
5. If I find a good job, I’ll move to Madrid.

Task 1

We normally make passive forms of a verb by using tenses of the auxiliary be followed by the past participle ( -pp) of the verb. Here is a list of all the passive forms of an ordinary English verb.

Simple future  —  will be + pp    – eg. You will be told soon enough.

Simple present – am/is/are  + pp  – eg. English is spoken here.

Present progressive – am/is/are being +pp  – eg. The house is being painted.

Present perfect  – have/has been +pp  – eg. Has Mary been told?

Simple past  – was/were + pp  – eg. I was invited, but I went.Seen ad many timesNot relevantOffensiveCovers contentBrokenREPORT THIS AD

Past progressive – was/were being +pp – eg. I felt as if I was being watched.

Past perfect – had been + pp – eg. I knew why I had been chosen.

Model verbs –can/must/may/have to.. +be + pp – eg . The work must be done.

Choose the correctly formulated Passive constructions.

1.

1. This easy work can be done without anybody‟s help.
2. We found the room exactly as it had been left the night before.
3. Tobacco introduced to France by Jean Nicot.
4. This modular computer has used by our researchers.
5. Gayane was first staged on December 3, 1942 in Perm during World War II.

2.

1. The first chewing-gum was made by Thomas Adams.
2. Have these benches painted recently?
3. The students being examined by the professor at that time.
4. The vase made of crystal was broken to pieces.
5. Lincoln was shot in the head by John Wilkes Booth, an actor.

3.

1. Marie Tussaud created her first wax figure (of Voltaire) in 1777.
2. Before him lay a splendid garden, full of blossom and scent.
3. I have been misunderstood – no intention to hurt you.
4. Is that big hat made of straw?
5. Many of Van Gogh‟s best works were created in 1889, in an asylum.

4.

1. He will have published several poems by the end of the year.
2. What holidays are celebrated in your country in autumn and winter?
3. G. Washington is known to all Americans as “The Father of the Nation”.
4. The dynamite had invented by Alfred Nobel.
5. Charlie Chaplin is considered one of the most famous stars of the early days of Hollywood.

5.

1. Will the scientific seminar be held in two days?
2. The scientists have been making these experiments for the last few years.
3. Nobel preferred that people didn’t remember him as the inventor of dynamite.
4. The patent matter was still being discussed.
5. The Smiths weren’t invited to that meeting.

Task 2

• I love traveling. I would like travel.When you visit a country, buy a souvenir from there and when you see the souvenir,you will remember your journey.

1.

Two years ago Trisha’s firm  MADE  the mistake of sending her to Germany. Although she HAD STUDIED German at school, she soon DISCOVERED that she COULD NOT remember very much. She MISSED an important meeting because she HAD FORGOTTEN that “halb neun” in German MEANT half past eight in English. So while she WAS HAVING breakfast her colleagues WERE already at the meeting. When she arrived “on time” , the meeting  HAD ALREADY FINISHED.
When she got back to England, Trisha JOINED a German course at her local college. While she WAS DRIVING to work every day she  LISTENED to language CDs. In the past few weeks her German  HAS IMPROVED a lot and now she KNOWS how to tell the time ! Right now she IS STUDYING hard for an examination. Next year Trisha PLANS to spend her summer holiday in a language school near Munich. After that, she hopes that her company WILL SEND her to Germany again.

2.

Reading Comprehension – Elephants

Elephants are large mammals of the family Elephantidae and the order Proboscidea. Traditionally, two species are recognized, the African elephant and the Asian elephant, although some evidence suggests that African bush elephants and African forest elephants are separate species. Other families of the order Proboscidea, including mammoths and mastodons are now extinct.

Elephants are scattered throughout sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. Male African elephants are the largest surviving terrestrial animals and can reach a height of 4 m (13 ft) and weigh 7,000 kg (15,000 lb).

All elephants have several distinctive features the most notable of which is a long trunk or proboscis, used for many purposes, particularly breathing, lifting water and grasping objects. Their incisors grow into tusks, which can serve as weapons and as tools for moving objects and digging. Elephants’ large ear flaps help to control their body temperature. Their pillar-like legs can carry their great weight. African elephants have larger ears and concave backs while Asian elephants have smaller ears and convex or level backs.

One of the biggest threats to elephant populations is the ivory trade, as the animals are poached for their ivory tusks. Other threats to wild elephants include habitat destruction and conflicts with local people. Elephants are used as working animals in Asia. In the past they were used in war; today, they are often put on display in zoos and circuses.

COMPREHENSION:

1. Mammoths and mastodons live in Africa.
   a.  True
   b.  False
2. Elephants live in all continents.
   a.  True.
   b.  False.
3. Ivory trade is the main threat that elephants are facing.
   a.  True
   b.  False

3.

4.

1. He couldn’t pay his bills with his part-time job.
2. My father is a modern man, while my grandfather is fairly old-fashioned.
3. I don’t have time to watch a three-hour movie. I’ve got to be at work in two hours.
4. I’m not interested in buying a used car. I want a brand-new one.
5. My mother is a middle-aged woman. She’s 50 years old.
6. He lives on the fifth floor of a ten-story building.
7. He is a friendly man. = He is a kind-hearted man.
8. Your brother is very forgetful. = Your brother is absent-minded.
9. Pete prefers women with short hair, while I like long-haired women.
10. Every student will have to write a five-page essay on this topic.

New Year’s Day is a national holiday celebrated on January 1st, the first day of the New Year. New Year holidays are often marked by fireworks, parades, and reflection upon the last year while looking ahead to the future’s possibilities. Many people celebrate New Year in the company of friends and relatives. Typically the customs and traditions of happy New Years Day involve celebrating with champagne and a variety of different foods. For many people celebrating New Year is their opportunity to learn from the prior year and make positive changes in their life. I love winter and New Year very much. I love spending it with my family, friends and relatives. Like every year my family members and I will decorate our Christmas tree with toys and colorful lights. I will buy presents for the members of my family as well. After New Year supper we love watching Christmas movies and shows. Then we exchange our gifts with the family members and guests.

Match the words and their definitions

1.
A) Leisure – 4) free or unoccupied time
B) Entertainment – 3) something that serves for amusement
C) Opportunity – 1) a favourable position or chance
D) Occupation – 2) a job or proffession

2.
A) Calm – 2) not excited, nervous or troubled
B) Intelligent – 1) able to think, understand, and to learn things quickly and well
C) Brave – 3) willing to do things which are difficult or dangerous
D) Independent – 4) free from outside control

3 .
A) Miniature – 5) a model or copy of something on a very small scale
B) Signature – 1) the name of a person or a sign representing his name, marked by himself
C) Adventure – 2) an exciting or dangerous experiance
D) Gesture – 4) a movement of part of the body to express am idea or meaning

4.
A) Tornado – 1) a violent storm with very strong winds
B) Flood – 4) an overflow of a large amount of water beyond its normal limits
C) Snowstorm – 2) a heavy fall of snow, especially with a high wind
D) Breeze – 5) a gentle wind

5.
A) Request – 2) an act of asking politely or formally for something
B) Refusal – 5) an act of saying ‘no’ to an invitation, offer, etc.
C) Advice – 4) a suggestion about what somebody should do in a particular situation
D) Response – 1) a spoken or written answer

6.
A) Service – 5) the action of helping or doing work for someone
B) Catalogue – 1) a book that contains pictures of things that ……….
C) Brand – 2) a product or group of products that has its own name
D) Purchase – 4) something that you buy

7.
A) Lie – 4) a statement that is not true
B) Compliment – 1) a police expression of praise or admiration
C) Flattery – 5) a false insincere praise
D) Prize – 2) An award given to the winner

8.
A) Contract – 5) a written legal agreement between two people or organizations
B) Quarrel – 4) an angry argument
C) Discussion – 3) the process of talking something over
D) Trial – 2) hearing and judging a person or case in a court

9 .
A) Conversation -4) an informal talk between people
B) Exclamation – 3) en emphatic or excited cry
C) Utterance -2) the act or process of speaking or expressing in words
D) Argument -1) an exchange of opposite views, typically an angry one

10 .
A) Ordinary -5) of common or established type, usual
B) Strange -1) odd, unusual, or extraordinary
C) Human -3) relating to or characterizing people
D) Hostile -2) showing strong dislike

11.
A) Match -1) a game in which individuals or teams compete
B) Situation -4) a set of circumstances
C) Incident -2) an event or occurrence
D) Performance -3) an act of presenting a play, concert, etc.

Match the words and their definitions

1.
A) Leisure – 4) free or unoccupied time
B) Entertainment – 3) something that serves for amusement
C) Opportunity – 1) a favourable position or chance
D) Occupation – 2) a job or proffession

2.
A) Calm – 2) not excited, nervous or troubled
B) Intelligent – 1) able to think, understand, and to learn things quickly and well
C) Brave – 3) willing to do things which are difficult or dangerous
D) Independent – 4) free from outside control

3 .
A) Miniature – 5) a model or copy of something on a very small scale
B) Signature – 1) the name of a person or a sign representing his name, marked by himself
C) Adventure – 2) an exciting or dangerous experiance
D) Gesture – 4) a movement of part of the body to express am idea or meaning

4.
A) Tornado – 1) a violent storm with very strong winds
B) Flood – 4) an overflow of a large amount of water beyond its normal limits
C) Snowstorm – 2) a heavy fall of snow, especially with a high wind
D) Breeze – 5) a gentle wind

5.
A) Request – 2) an act of asking politely or formally for something
B) Refusal – 5) an act of saying ‘no’ to an invitation, offer, etc.
C) Advice – 4) a suggestion about what somebody should do in a particular situation
D) Response – 1) a spoken or written answer

6.
A) Service – 5) the action of helping or doing work for someone
B) Catalogue – 1) a book that contains pictures of things that ……….
C) Brand – 2) a product or group of products that has its own name
D) Purchase – 4) something that you buy

7.
A) Lie – 4) a statement that is not true
B) Compliment – 1) a police expression of praise or admiration
C) Flattery – 5) a false insincere praise
D) Prize – 2) An award given to the winner

8.
A) Contract – 5) a written legal agreement between two people or organizations
B) Quarrel – 4) an angry argument
C) Discussion – 3) the process of talking something over
D) Trial – 2) hearing and judging a person or case in a court

9 .
A) Conversation -4) an informal talk between people
B) Exclamation – 3) en emphatic or excited cry
C) Utterance -2) the act or process of speaking or expressing in words
D) Argument -1) an exchange of opposite views, typically an angry one

10 .
A) Ordinary -5) of common or established type, usual
B) Strange -1) odd, unusual, or extraordinary
C) Human -3) relating to or characterizing people
D) Hostile -2) showing strong dislike

11.
A) Match -1) a game in which individuals or teams compete
B) Situation -4) a set of circumstances
C) Incident -2) an event or occurrence
D) Performance -3) an act of presenting a play, concert, etc.

12.
A) Production-5) the process of growing or making goods or materials
B) Amount -4) a sum of money
C) Equivalence-2) equality in value, amount, meaning
D) Substance-1) a kind of matter with particular properties

13.
A) Consideration-1) careful thought, typically over a period of time
B) Motive-2) a reason for doing something
C) Motion-3) the action or process of moving or being moved
D) Command-4) an order given to a person or an animal

14.
A) Flexible -4) able to make changes or deal with a situtaion that is changing
B) Reliable-1) good in quality or performance; able to be trusted
C) Predictable-3)always behaving or occurring in the way expected
D) Authentic-5) of undisputed origin and not a copy; genuine

15.
A) Dispute -5) an argument or a disagreement
B) Peace -2) the state existing during the absence of war
C) Treaty-4) a formal agreement between countries
D) Battle-3) a fight between large armed forces

I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. I gave him a meal. He ate the food and drank the beer. Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. Later a neighbour told me about him. Everybody knows him. His name is Percy Buttons. He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.

Comprehension Precis and Composition

1.Has the writer just moved to a house in Bridge Street or not? 2.Who knocked at her door yesterday? 3.Did he sing songs, or did he ask for money? 4.What did the writer give him in return for this? 5.What is the beggar’s name? 6.Does he call at every house once a week or once a month?

Mr James Scott has a garage in Silbury and now he has just bought another garage in Pinhurst. Pinhurst is only five miles from Silbury, but Mr Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage, so he has just bought twelve pigeons.Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury. The bird covered the distance in three minutes. Up to now,Mr Scott has sent a great many requests from one garage to the other. In this way, he has begun his own private «telephone» service.

Comprehension Precis and Composition

1.Where has Mr Scott opened his second garage? 2.Where is his first garage? 3.How far away is Silbury? 4.Can Mr Scott get a telephone for his new garage or not? 5.What has he bought? 6.In how many minutes do they carry messages from one garage to the other?

I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim.He is in Australia.He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there , he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.

Comprehension Precis and Composition

1.What has the writer just received from his brother, Tim? 2.Is Tim an engineer, or is he a doctor? 3.How long has he been in Australia? 4.Has he already visited many places or not? 5.Where is he now? 6.Has Tim ever been abroad before or not? 7.Is he enjoying his trip very much or not?